Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master'

Previously each job fixed one plate size and ran a single Nest() call,
which doesn't reflect the actual problem: a real job is fulfilled
across however many plates are needed, drawn from a pool of standard
sheet sizes, not forced onto one fixed sheet.

NestEngineBase.Nest() has no way to pick its own plate's size - it
fills whatever Plate it's given - so size selection now lives in the
harness itself, applied identically to every engine:

- BenchmarkJob carries the full candidate size pool (CandidateSizes)
  instead of one fixed PlateSize; one job per file, not one per size.
- BenchmarkRunner drives a loop: while items remain, pick the smallest
  candidate size that fits the largest still-unplaced drawing (reusing
  the codebase's own MultiPlateNester.CreatePlate/FitsBounds), build a
  fresh plate of that size, and run one Nest() call to fill it. Repeat
  until everything is placed, no candidate size fits what's left, or a
  safety cap (40 plates) is hit.
- NestValidator now validates bounds/spacing per plate but the
  quantity cap once globally across all plates, since that limit
  belongs to the whole order, not any one sheet.
- JobResult/Report report PlatesUsed and a per-size breakdown instead
  of a single-plate bounding-box compactness metric; utilization is
  now aggregated across every plate the engine used. Ranking keeps the
  same rule (utilization first), with fewer plates as the tie-break
  when both are fully placed and tied - the natural multi-plate
  analogue of the old single-plate compactness tie-break.

Smoke-tested against the synthetic sample across 5 candidate sizes:
correctly builds one job, picks the smallest fitting size, uses
however many plates each engine needs (1-2 here), and still catches
StripNestEngine's pre-existing out-of-bounds bug.

CLAUDE.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ NuGet dependencies: `ACadSharp` 3.1.32 (DXF/DWG import/export, in OpenNest.IO),
 
 ## Architecture
 
-Eight projects form a layered architecture:
+Nine projects form a layered architecture:
 
 ### OpenNest.Core (class library)
 Domain model, geometry, and CNC primitives organized into namespaces:
@@ -73,6 +73,15 @@ GPU-accelerated pair evaluation for best-fit nesting. `GpuPairEvaluator` impleme
 ### OpenNest.Training (console app, depends on Core + Engine)
 Training data collection for ML angle prediction. `TrainingDatabase` stores per-angle nesting results in SQLite via EF Core for offline model training.
 
+### OpenNest.Benchmark (console app, depends on Core + Engine + IO)
+Compares registered `NestEngineBase` implementations against each other on real `.nest` files. Fully generic — it never hardcodes drawing geometry, just reads whatever drawings/quantities/plate settings each input file already has.
+
+- `JobLoader` builds `BenchmarkJob`s from a `.nest` file or a folder of them via `NestReader`, using every drawing with `Quantity.Required > 0`. `--sheet-sizes` can sweep a fixed list of plate sizes instead of each file's own.
+- `BenchmarkRunner` gives each (job, engine) pair a fresh `Plate`/`NestItem` list (`BenchmarkJob.CreatePlate()`/`CreateItems()`) so engines can't see each other's mutated state, then calls the engine's `Nest()` and times it.
+- `NestValidator` checks the returned layout: every part inside `Plate.WorkArea()`, every pair at least `Plate.PartSpacing` apart (checked geometrically via each part's own world-space polygon, inflated by the spacing — works on arbitrary concave/holed shapes, not just bounding boxes), and no drawing over its requested quantity. An invalid or throwing run scores zero for that job.
+- Scoring matches `Plate.Utilization()` (placed drawing area / full sheet area, `Plate.Area()`). If an engine placed every requested part, ties are broken by the smaller used-bounding-box (`Report`'s ranking rule) — a more compact layout leaves a bigger usable remnant.
+- `--engines Name1,Name2` filters to specific registered engines (default: all); `--csv <path>` writes a flat per-job CSV alongside the console report.
+
 ### OpenNest.Mcp (console app, depends on Core + Engine + IO)
 MCP server for Claude Code integration. Exposes nesting operations as MCP tools over stdio transport. Published to `~/.claude/mcp/OpenNest.Mcp/`.
 

OpenNest.Benchmark/BenchmarkJob.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+using OpenNest.Geometry;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace OpenNest.Benchmark
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// One request to nest a specific drawing, with the quantity and rotation
+    /// constraints pulled from its source .nest file.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class DrawingRequest
+    {
+        public Drawing Drawing { get; init; }
+        public int Quantity { get; init; }
+        public int Priority { get; init; }
+        public double StepAngle { get; init; }
+        public double RotationStart { get; init; }
+        public double RotationEnd { get; init; }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// An immutable specification for one benchmark job: the full set of
+    /// drawings/quantities that must be nested, and the pool of sheet sizes the
+    /// engine may draw from while doing it. A single run may use several
+    /// plates - possibly of different sizes - to place everything, the same
+    /// way a real production job spreads across whatever plates it needs
+    /// rather than being handed one fixed-size sheet.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class BenchmarkJob
+    {
+        public string SourceFile { get; init; }
+        public List<Size> CandidateSizes { get; init; }
+        public Spacing EdgeSpacing { get; init; }
+        public double PartSpacing { get; init; }
+        public int Quadrant { get; init; }
+        public List<DrawingRequest> Requests { get; init; }
+
+        public string Name => Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(SourceFile);
+
+        public int TotalRequestedQuantity => Requests.Sum(r => r.Quantity);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// A blank plate carrying only the job's spacing/quadrant template.
+        /// MultiPlateNester.CreatePlate copies these settings onto whichever
+        /// size it ultimately picks; its Size is only the fallback used when
+        /// nothing in the candidate pool fits, so it's set to the largest
+        /// candidate rather than an arbitrary one.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Plate CreateTemplatePlate()
+        {
+            var fallbackSize = CandidateSizes
+                .OrderByDescending(s => s.Width * s.Length)
+                .FirstOrDefault();
+
+            return new Plate(fallbackSize)
+            {
+                EdgeSpacing = EdgeSpacing,
+                PartSpacing = PartSpacing,
+                Quadrant = Quadrant,
+            };
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The candidate sizes as PlateOptions for MultiPlateNester.CreatePlate.
+        /// Cost is area-proportional since no real per-size material pricing is
+        /// available here - this only affects which size is preferred when more
+        /// than one candidate fits, favoring the smaller/cheaper sheet.
+        /// </summary>
+        public List<PlateOption> BuildPlateOptions()
+        {
+            return CandidateSizes
+                .Select(s => new PlateOption { Width = s.Width, Length = s.Length, Cost = s.Width * s.Length })
+                .ToList();
+        }
+
+        public List<NestItem> CreateItems()
+        {
+            return Requests.Select(r => new NestItem
+            {
+                Drawing = r.Drawing,
+                Quantity = r.Quantity,
+                Priority = r.Priority,
+                StepAngle = r.StepAngle,
+                RotationStart = r.RotationStart,
+                RotationEnd = r.RotationEnd,
+            }).ToList();
+        }
+    }
+}

OpenNest.Benchmark/BenchmarkRunner.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace OpenNest.Benchmark
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Runs every candidate engine against every job. A job may need several
+    /// plates to place everything it asks for; this drives that loop itself,
+    /// since NestEngineBase.Nest() fills exactly one already-sized plate and
+    /// has no say in picking its own size. For each plate the loop needs, the
+    /// smallest candidate size that fits the largest still-unplaced drawing is
+    /// chosen via the codebase's own MultiPlateNester.CreatePlate, then the
+    /// engine's Nest() fills that plate with whatever of the remaining items
+    /// fit. This is applied identically to every engine, so no engine gets to
+    /// (or has to) implement sheet-size selection itself.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static class BenchmarkRunner
+    {
+        /// <summary>Safety cap so a degenerate engine (placing almost nothing
+        /// per plate) can't loop indefinitely.</summary>
+        private const int MaxPlates = 40;
+
+        public static List<JobResult> Run(List<BenchmarkJob> jobs, IReadOnlyList<NestEngineInfo> engines)
+        {
+            var results = new List<JobResult>(jobs.Count * engines.Count);
+
+            foreach (var job in jobs)
+            {
+                foreach (var engineInfo in engines)
+                {
+                    results.Add(RunOne(job, engineInfo));
+                }
+            }
+
+            return results;
+        }
+
+        private static JobResult RunOne(BenchmarkJob job, NestEngineInfo engineInfo)
+        {
+            var template = job.CreateTemplatePlate();
+            var options = job.BuildPlateOptions();
+            var remaining = job.CreateItems();
+            var requested = job.TotalRequestedQuantity;
+
+            var plateRuns = new List<(Plate Plate, List<Part> Parts)>();
+            string engineError = null;
+            var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
+
+            try
+            {
+                while (remaining.Any(i => i.Quantity > 0) && plateRuns.Count < MaxPlates)
+                {
+                    var largest = remaining
+                        .Where(i => i.Quantity > 0)
+                        .OrderByDescending(i => BoundsArea(i))
+                        .First();
+
+                    var plate = MultiPlateNester.CreatePlate(template, options, largest.Drawing.Program.BoundingBox());
+                    var engine = engineInfo.Factory(plate);
+                    var itemsClone = CloneItems(remaining);
+
+                    var parts = engine.Nest(itemsClone, null, CancellationToken.None) ?? new List<Part>();
+
+                    if (parts.Count == 0)
+                    {
+                        // Not even the largest available candidate size could fit
+                        // the current largest remaining part - stop here rather
+                        // than loop forever; whatever's left is reported unplaced.
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    plateRuns.Add((plate, parts));
+
+                    foreach (var item in remaining)
+                    {
+                        var placed = parts.Count(p => p.BaseDrawing.Id == item.Drawing.Id);
+
+                        if (placed > 0)
+                            item.Quantity = System.Math.Max(0, item.Quantity - placed);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                engineError = $"{ex.GetType().Name}: {ex.Message}";
+            }
+
+            sw.Stop();
+
+            if (engineError != null)
+            {
+                return new JobResult
+                {
+                    EngineName = engineInfo.Name,
+                    JobName = job.Name,
+                    Valid = false,
+                    PartsRequested = requested,
+                    ElapsedMs = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds,
+                    Error = engineError,
+                };
+            }
+
+            var validation = NestValidator.Validate(plateRuns, job);
+            var totalPlaced = plateRuns.Sum(pr => pr.Parts.Count);
+            var placedArea = validation.Valid ? plateRuns.Sum(pr => pr.Parts.Sum(p => p.BaseDrawing.Area)) : 0;
+            var plateArea = plateRuns.Sum(pr => pr.Plate.Area());
+
+            var sizeBreakdown = plateRuns
+                .GroupBy(pr => pr.Plate.Size.ToString(1))
+                .OrderByDescending(g => g.Count())
+                .ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.Count());
+
+            return new JobResult
+            {
+                EngineName = engineInfo.Name,
+                JobName = job.Name,
+                Valid = validation.Valid,
+                Violations = validation.Violations,
+                PartsPlaced = totalPlaced,
+                PartsRequested = requested,
+                PlacedArea = placedArea,
+                PlateArea = plateArea,
+                PlatesUsed = plateRuns.Count,
+                SizeBreakdown = sizeBreakdown,
+                ElapsedMs = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds,
+            };
+        }
+
+        private static double BoundsArea(NestItem item)
+        {
+            var bb = item.Drawing.Program.BoundingBox();
+            return bb.Width * bb.Length;
+        }
+
+        private static List<NestItem> CloneItems(List<NestItem> items)
+        {
+            return items.Select(i => new NestItem
+            {
+                Drawing = i.Drawing,
+                Quantity = i.Quantity,
+                Priority = i.Priority,
+                StepAngle = i.StepAngle,
+                RotationStart = i.RotationStart,
+                RotationEnd = i.RotationEnd,
+            }).ToList();
+        }
+    }
+}

OpenNest.Benchmark/JobLoader.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+using OpenNest.Geometry;
+using OpenNest.IO;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace OpenNest.Benchmark
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Builds BenchmarkJobs from .nest files on disk. Fully generic: works on
+    /// any valid .nest file, using whatever drawings/quantities/plate settings
+    /// it contains. One job per file, carrying the full pool of candidate
+    /// sheet sizes the engine may use across the whole nest - by default the
+    /// distinct sizes already present in that file, or a fixed override list
+    /// (e.g. a standard sheet-size lineup) applied to every file.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static class JobLoader
+    {
+        public static List<BenchmarkJob> Load(string inputPath, IReadOnlyList<Size> sheetSizeOverrides = null,
+            double? partSpacingOverride = null)
+        {
+            var files = ResolveFiles(inputPath);
+            var jobs = new List<BenchmarkJob>();
+
+            foreach (var file in files)
+            {
+                Nest nest;
+
+                try
+                {
+                    nest = new NestReader(file).Read();
+                }
+                catch (Exception ex)
+                {
+                    Console.Error.WriteLine($"[JobLoader] Skipping '{file}': failed to read ({ex.Message})");
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                var requests = BuildRequests(nest);
+
+                if (requests.Count == 0)
+                {
+                    Console.Error.WriteLine($"[JobLoader] Skipping '{file}': no drawings with quantity > 0");
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                var template = ResolvePlateTemplate(nest);
+                var sizes = sheetSizeOverrides != null && sheetSizeOverrides.Count > 0
+                    ? sheetSizeOverrides.ToList()
+                    : ResolveSheetSizes(nest);
+
+                jobs.Add(new BenchmarkJob
+                {
+                    SourceFile = file,
+                    CandidateSizes = sizes,
+                    EdgeSpacing = template.EdgeSpacing,
+                    PartSpacing = partSpacingOverride ?? template.PartSpacing,
+                    Quadrant = template.Quadrant,
+                    Requests = requests,
+                });
+            }
+
+            return jobs;
+        }
+
+        private static List<string> ResolveFiles(string inputPath)
+        {
+            if (Directory.Exists(inputPath))
+            {
+                return Directory.GetFiles(inputPath, "*.nest", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
+                    .OrderBy(f => f, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+                    .ToList();
+            }
+
+            if (File.Exists(inputPath))
+                return new List<string> { inputPath };
+
+            throw new FileNotFoundException($"Benchmark input not found: {inputPath}");
+        }
+
+        private static List<DrawingRequest> BuildRequests(Nest nest)
+        {
+            var requests = new List<DrawingRequest>();
+
+            foreach (var drawing in nest.Drawings)
+            {
+                var qty = drawing.Quantity.Required;
+
+                if (qty <= 0)
+                    continue;
+
+                var constraints = drawing.Constraints;
+
+                requests.Add(new DrawingRequest
+                {
+                    Drawing = drawing,
+                    Quantity = qty,
+                    Priority = drawing.Priority,
+                    StepAngle = constraints?.StepAngle ?? 0,
+                    RotationStart = constraints?.StartAngle ?? 0,
+                    RotationEnd = constraints?.EndAngle ?? 0,
+                });
+            }
+
+            return requests;
+        }
+
+        private static (Spacing EdgeSpacing, double PartSpacing, int Quadrant) ResolvePlateTemplate(Nest nest)
+        {
+            var source = nest.Plates?.FirstOrDefault();
+
+            if (source != null)
+                return (source.EdgeSpacing, source.PartSpacing, source.Quadrant);
+
+            var defaults = nest.PlateDefaults;
+            return (defaults.EdgeSpacing, defaults.PartSpacing, defaults.Quadrant);
+        }
+
+        private static List<Size> ResolveSheetSizes(Nest nest)
+        {
+            var sizes = (nest.Plates ?? Enumerable.Empty<Plate>())
+                .Select(p => p.Size)
+                .Distinct()
+                .ToList();
+
+            if (sizes.Count == 0)
+                sizes.Add(nest.PlateDefaults.Size);
+
+            return sizes;
+        }
+    }
+}

OpenNest.Benchmark/JobResult.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace OpenNest.Benchmark
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Outcome of running one engine against one job. A job may span several
+    /// plates (PlatesUsed, SizeBreakdown), since the engine may need more than
+    /// one sheet - possibly of different sizes - to place everything asked of
+    /// it. An invalid or crashed run always scores zero utilization, per the
+    /// benchmark rules.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class JobResult
+    {
+        public string EngineName { get; init; }
+        public string JobName { get; init; }
+        public bool Valid { get; init; }
+        public List<string> Violations { get; init; } = new();
+        public string Error { get; init; }
+        public int PartsPlaced { get; init; }
+        public int PartsRequested { get; init; }
+        public double PlacedArea { get; init; }
+        public double PlateArea { get; init; }
+        public int PlatesUsed { get; init; }
+        public Dictionary<string, int> SizeBreakdown { get; init; } = new();
+        public long ElapsedMs { get; init; }
+
+        public bool Crashed => Error != null;
+        public bool FullyPlaced => Valid && PartsRequested > 0 && PartsPlaced >= PartsRequested;
+
+        /// <summary>Aggregate utilization across every plate the engine used:
+        /// total placed drawing area over total plate area, matching
+        /// Plate.Utilization()'s per-plate definition summed across the job.</summary>
+        public double Utilization => Valid && PlateArea > 0 ? PlacedArea / PlateArea : 0;
+    }
+}

OpenNest.Benchmark/NestValidator.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+using OpenNest.Converters;
+using OpenNest.Geometry;
+using OpenNest.Math;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace OpenNest.Benchmark
+{
+    public class ValidationResult
+    {
+        public bool Valid => Violations.Count == 0;
+        public List<string> Violations { get; } = new();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Validates a (possibly multi-plate) placed layout against the benchmark
+    /// rules: on every plate, every part must lie within that plate's work
+    /// area and every pair of parts must be at least PartSpacing apart; across
+    /// all plates combined, no drawing may have more parts placed than
+    /// requested (the quantity limit is a property of the whole order, not of
+    /// any one plate). Geometry checks work on arbitrary (concave, holed)
+    /// polygons by reusing the same world-space extraction Part.Intersects
+    /// uses internally, so no engine gets an advantage or penalty from shape
+    /// complexity.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static class NestValidator
+    {
+        public static ValidationResult Validate(List<(Plate Plate, List<Part> Parts)> plateRuns, BenchmarkJob job)
+        {
+            var result = new ValidationResult();
+            var allParts = plateRuns.SelectMany(pr => pr.Parts).ToList();
+
+            if (allParts.Count == 0)
+                return result;
+
+            ValidateQuantities(allParts, job, result);
+
+            foreach (var (plate, parts) in plateRuns)
+            {
+                if (parts.Count == 0)
+                    continue;
+
+                ValidateBounds(parts, plate, result);
+                ValidateAreaBudget(parts, plate, result);
+                ValidateSpacing(parts, plate.PartSpacing, result);
+            }
+
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        private static void ValidateQuantities(List<Part> parts, BenchmarkJob job, ValidationResult result)
+        {
+            var allowed = job.Requests.ToDictionary(r => r.Drawing.Id, r => r.Quantity);
+            var placedCounts = parts
+                .GroupBy(p => p.BaseDrawing.Id)
+                .ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.Count());
+
+            foreach (var (drawingId, placed) in placedCounts)
+            {
+                if (!allowed.TryGetValue(drawingId, out var max))
+                {
+                    result.Violations.Add($"Placed drawing id={drawingId} which was not requested for this job");
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (placed > max)
+                {
+                    var name = parts.First(p => p.BaseDrawing.Id == drawingId).BaseDrawing.Name;
+                    result.Violations.Add($"'{name}': placed {placed} across all plates but only {max} were requested");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void ValidateBounds(List<Part> parts, Plate plate, ValidationResult result)
+        {
+            var workArea = plate.WorkArea();
+
+            foreach (var part in parts)
+            {
+                var bb = part.BoundingBox;
+
+                var outLeft = bb.Left < workArea.X - Tolerance.Epsilon;
+                var outBottom = bb.Bottom < workArea.Y - Tolerance.Epsilon;
+                var outRight = bb.Right > workArea.Right + Tolerance.Epsilon;
+                var outTop = bb.Top > workArea.Top + Tolerance.Epsilon;
+
+                if (outLeft || outBottom || outRight || outTop)
+                {
+                    result.Violations.Add(
+                        $"'{part.BaseDrawing.Name}' at ({part.Location.X:F2},{part.Location.Y:F2}) falls outside the work area " +
+                        $"of a {plate.Size} plate");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Hard mathematical backstop: non-overlapping parts confined to the
+        /// work area can never have a combined area greater than the work
+        /// area itself. This catches overlap that the polygon-based
+        /// ValidateSpacing check can miss - Collision.HasOverlap (and
+        /// Part.Intersects, which uses the same algorithm) has been observed
+        /// to return false negatives on real, complex production geometry, so
+        /// this check does not depend on it.
+        /// </summary>
+        private static void ValidateAreaBudget(List<Part> parts, Plate plate, ValidationResult result)
+        {
+            var workArea = plate.WorkArea();
+            var budget = workArea.Width * workArea.Length;
+            var placedArea = parts.Sum(p => p.BaseDrawing.Area);
+
+            if (placedArea > budget + Tolerance.Epsilon)
+            {
+                result.Violations.Add(
+                    $"Combined placed area ({placedArea:F2}) on a {plate.Size} plate exceeds its work area ({budget:F2}) - " +
+                    "parts must overlap even though the polygon overlap check did not flag a pair");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void ValidateSpacing(List<Part> parts, double spacing, ValidationResult result)
+        {
+            var worldPolygons = new Polygon[parts.Count];
+            var inflatedPolygons = new Polygon[parts.Count];
+
+            for (var i = 0; i < parts.Count; i++)
+            {
+                worldPolygons[i] = WorldPolygon(parts[i], 0);
+                inflatedPolygons[i] = spacing > Tolerance.Epsilon ? WorldPolygon(parts[i], spacing) : worldPolygons[i];
+            }
+
+            for (var i = 0; i < parts.Count; i++)
+            {
+                if (worldPolygons[i] == null || inflatedPolygons[i] == null)
+                    continue;
+
+                for (var j = i + 1; j < parts.Count; j++)
+                {
+                    if (worldPolygons[j] == null)
+                        continue;
+
+                    if (Collision.HasOverlap(inflatedPolygons[i], worldPolygons[j]))
+                    {
+                        result.Violations.Add(
+                            $"'{parts[i].BaseDrawing.Name}' and '{parts[j].BaseDrawing.Name}' are closer than the required spacing ({spacing:F3})");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Extracts a part's perimeter as a world-space polygon, optionally inflated
+        /// outward by the given spacing, mirroring Part.Intersects' own geometry
+        /// extraction (part.Program is already rotated; only a Location offset is needed).
+        /// </summary>
+        private static Polygon WorldPolygon(Part part, double inflateBy)
+        {
+            var entities = ConvertProgram.ToGeometry(part.Program)
+                .Where(e => e.Layer != SpecialLayers.Rapid)
+                .ToList();
+
+            if (entities.Count == 0)
+                return null;
+
+            var perimeter = new ShapeProfile(entities).Perimeter;
+
+            if (perimeter == null)
+                return null;
+
+            if (inflateBy > Tolerance.Epsilon)
+                perimeter = perimeter.OffsetOutward(inflateBy) ?? perimeter;
+
+            // Adaptive tolerance instead of Shape.ToPolygon()'s default (up to 1000
+            // segments per arc) - arc-heavy real parts otherwise produce thousands
+            // of vertices, which is needlessly slow for a spacing check.
+            var polygon = perimeter.ToPolygonWithTolerance(0.01, circumscribe: true);
+
+            if (polygon == null)
+                return null;
+
+            polygon.Offset(part.Location);
+            return polygon;
+        }
+    }
+}

OpenNest.Benchmark/OpenNest.Benchmark.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework>net8.0-windows</TargetFramework>
+    <RootNamespace>OpenNest.Benchmark</RootNamespace>
+    <AssemblyName>OpenNest.Benchmark</AssemblyName>
+    <Nullable>disable</Nullable>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\OpenNest.Core\OpenNest.Core.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\OpenNest.Engine\OpenNest.Engine.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\OpenNest.IO\OpenNest.IO.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+</Project>

OpenNest.Benchmark/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+using OpenNest;
+using OpenNest.Benchmark;
+using OpenNest.Geometry;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+
+return BenchmarkConsole.Run(args);
+
+static class BenchmarkConsole
+{
+    public static int Run(string[] args)
+    {
+        var options = ParseArgs(args);
+
+        if (options == null)
+            return 0; // --help was requested
+
+        if (options.InputPath == null)
+        {
+            PrintUsage();
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        List<BenchmarkJob> jobs;
+
+        try
+        {
+            jobs = JobLoader.Load(options.InputPath, options.SheetSizes, options.PartSpacing);
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Console.Error.WriteLine($"Error: {ex.Message}");
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        if (jobs.Count == 0)
+        {
+            Console.Error.WriteLine("No benchmark jobs found (no .nest files with any drawing quantity > 0).");
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        var engines = NestEngineRegistry.AvailableEngines;
+
+        if (options.EngineNames.Count > 0)
+        {
+            engines = engines
+                .Where(e => options.EngineNames.Any(n => n.Equals(e.Name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)))
+                .ToList();
+
+            if (engines.Count == 0)
+            {
+                Console.Error.WriteLine("None of the requested engines are registered. Available: " +
+                    string.Join(", ", NestEngineRegistry.AvailableEngines.Select(e => e.Name)));
+                return 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        Console.WriteLine($"Loaded {jobs.Count} job(s) from '{options.InputPath}'");
+
+        foreach (var job in jobs)
+        {
+            var sizes = string.Join(", ", job.CandidateSizes.Select(s => s.ToString(1)));
+            Console.WriteLine($"  {job.Name}: {job.Requests.Count} drawing(s), {job.TotalRequestedQuantity} part(s) requested, candidate sizes: {sizes}");
+        }
+
+        Console.WriteLine($"Engines: {string.Join(", ", engines.Select(e => e.Name))}");
+
+        var results = BenchmarkRunner.Run(jobs, engines);
+
+        Report.PrintDetailed(results);
+        Report.PrintSummary(results);
+
+        if (options.CsvPath != null)
+        {
+            Report.WriteCsv(options.CsvPath, results);
+            Console.WriteLine();
+            Console.WriteLine($"Wrote CSV report to {options.CsvPath}");
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private static Options ParseArgs(string[] args)
+    {
+        var o = new Options();
+
+        for (var i = 0; i < args.Length; i++)
+        {
+            switch (args[i])
+            {
+                case "--sheet-sizes" when i + 1 < args.Length:
+                    o.SheetSizes = ParseSheetSizes(args[++i]);
+                    break;
+
+                case "--spacing" when i + 1 < args.Length:
+                    o.PartSpacing = double.Parse(args[++i]);
+                    break;
+
+                case "--engines" when i + 1 < args.Length:
+                    o.EngineNames = args[++i]
+                        .Split(',', StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries | StringSplitOptions.TrimEntries)
+                        .ToList();
+                    break;
+
+                case "--csv" when i + 1 < args.Length:
+                    o.CsvPath = args[++i];
+                    break;
+
+                case "--help":
+                    PrintUsage();
+                    return null;
+
+                default:
+                    if (!args[i].StartsWith("--"))
+                        o.InputPath = args[i];
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return o;
+    }
+
+    private static List<Size> ParseSheetSizes(string arg)
+    {
+        var sizes = new List<Size>();
+
+        foreach (var token in arg.Split(',', StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries | StringSplitOptions.TrimEntries))
+        {
+            if (Size.TryParse(token, out var size))
+                sizes.Add(size);
+            else
+                Console.Error.WriteLine($"Warning: could not parse sheet size '{token}', skipping");
+        }
+
+        return sizes;
+    }
+
+    private static void PrintUsage()
+    {
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("OpenNest.Benchmark - compare registered nesting engines on a set of .nest files");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine();
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("For each .nest file, every drawing with quantity > 0 is nested (mixed together),");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("once per registered engine. This is a full nest, not a single fixed-size plate:");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("as many plates as needed are created, one at a time, each sized by picking the");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("smallest candidate sheet size that fits the largest still-unplaced drawing -");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("applied identically to every engine, since Nest() itself has no say over its");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("own plate's size. Scoring: aggregate material utilization across every plate");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("used, then (if everything requested was placed) fewer plates as the tie-break.");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("An invalid layout (out of bounds, overlapping, or over-quantity) scores zero.");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine();
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("Usage:");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("  OpenNest.Benchmark <file.nest | folder> [options]");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine();
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("Options:");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("  --sheet-sizes W1xL1,W2xL2,...  Candidate sheet-size pool for the whole nest");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("                                 (default: the distinct sizes already in each file)");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("  --spacing <value>               Override part spacing for every job");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("  --engines Name1,Name2,...       Only benchmark these registered engines (default: all)");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("  --csv <path>                    Write a flat CSV of all results");
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("  --help                          Show this message");
+    }
+
+    private class Options
+    {
+        public string InputPath;
+        public List<Size> SheetSizes = new();
+        public double? PartSpacing;
+        public List<string> EngineNames = new();
+        public string CsvPath;
+    }
+}

OpenNest.Benchmark/Report.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Globalization;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace OpenNest.Benchmark
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Console + CSV reporting for benchmark results. Ranking rule per job:
+    /// valid beats invalid; higher aggregate utilization wins; if utilization
+    /// ties and both engines fully placed every requested part, fewer plates
+    /// used wins (the multi-plate analogue of "smaller remnant" - both are
+    /// proxies for wasting less material). Ties beyond that are a shared win.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static class Report
+    {
+        private const double Epsilon = 1e-6;
+
+        public static void PrintDetailed(List<JobResult> results)
+        {
+            foreach (var jobGroup in results.GroupBy(r => r.JobName))
+            {
+                Console.WriteLine();
+                Console.WriteLine($"=== {jobGroup.Key} ===");
+
+                var ranked = jobGroup.OrderBy(r => r, Comparer<JobResult>.Create(Compare)).ToList();
+                var best = ranked.Count > 0 ? ranked[0] : null;
+
+                Console.WriteLine($"{"Engine",-16} {"Result",-9} {"Parts",-10} {"Util%",-8} {"Plates",-18} {"Time(ms)",-9} Notes");
+
+                foreach (var r in ranked)
+                {
+                    var isWinner = best != null && Compare(r, best) == 0 && r.Valid;
+                    var marker = isWinner ? "*" : " ";
+                    var status = r.Crashed ? "CRASH" : r.Valid ? "ok" : "INVALID";
+                    var partsCol = $"{r.PartsPlaced}/{r.PartsRequested}";
+                    var utilCol = r.Valid ? $"{r.Utilization * 100:F1}" : "-";
+                    var platesCol = r.PlatesUsed > 0 ? $"{r.PlatesUsed} ({SizeSummary(r.SizeBreakdown)})" : "-";
+                    var notes = r.Crashed ? r.Error : string.Join("; ", r.Violations.Take(2));
+
+                    Console.WriteLine($"{marker}{r.EngineName,-15} {status,-9} {partsCol,-10} {utilCol,-8} {platesCol,-18} {r.ElapsedMs,-9} {notes}");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void PrintSummary(List<JobResult> results)
+        {
+            Console.WriteLine();
+            Console.WriteLine("=== Summary ===");
+
+            var byEngine = results
+                .GroupBy(r => r.EngineName)
+                .Select(g => new
+                {
+                    Engine = g.Key,
+                    Jobs = g.Count(),
+                    Valid = g.Count(r => r.Valid),
+                    Crashed = g.Count(r => r.Crashed),
+                    FullyPlaced = g.Count(r => r.FullyPlaced),
+                    TotalUtilization = g.Sum(r => r.Utilization),
+                    TotalPlates = g.Sum(r => r.PlatesUsed),
+                    TotalTimeMs = g.Sum(r => r.ElapsedMs),
+                })
+                .OrderByDescending(e => e.TotalUtilization)
+                .ToList();
+
+            var wins = CountWins(results);
+
+            Console.WriteLine($"{"Engine",-16} {"Jobs",-6} {"Valid",-7} {"Complete",-9} {"Wins",-6} {"AvgUtil%",-10} {"Plates",-8} {"TotalTime(ms)",-14}");
+
+            foreach (var e in byEngine)
+            {
+                var avgUtil = e.Jobs > 0 ? e.TotalUtilization / e.Jobs * 100 : 0;
+                var winCount = wins.TryGetValue(e.Engine, out var w) ? w : 0;
+                Console.WriteLine($"{e.Engine,-16} {e.Jobs,-6} {e.Valid,-7} {e.FullyPlaced,-9} {winCount,-6} {avgUtil,-10:F1} {e.TotalPlates,-8} {e.TotalTimeMs,-14}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void WriteCsv(string path, List<JobResult> results)
+        {
+            var sb = new StringBuilder();
+            sb.AppendLine("Job,Engine,Valid,Crashed,FullyPlaced,PartsPlaced,PartsRequested,Utilization,PlatesUsed,SizeBreakdown,ElapsedMs,Notes");
+
+            foreach (var r in results)
+            {
+                var notes = r.Crashed ? r.Error : string.Join(" | ", r.Violations);
+                sb.AppendLine(string.Join(",",
+                    Csv(r.JobName), Csv(r.EngineName), r.Valid, r.Crashed, r.FullyPlaced,
+                    r.PartsPlaced, r.PartsRequested,
+                    r.Utilization.ToString("F4", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
+                    r.PlatesUsed, Csv(SizeSummary(r.SizeBreakdown)),
+                    r.ElapsedMs, Csv(notes)));
+            }
+
+            File.WriteAllText(path, sb.ToString());
+        }
+
+        private static string SizeSummary(Dictionary<string, int> breakdown)
+        {
+            if (breakdown == null || breakdown.Count == 0)
+                return "-";
+
+            return string.Join("; ", breakdown.Select(kv => $"{kv.Key}×{kv.Value}"));
+        }
+
+        private static string Csv(string value)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
+                return string.Empty;
+
+            if (value.Contains(',') || value.Contains('"') || value.Contains('\n'))
+                return $"\"{value.Replace("\"", "\"\"")}\"";
+
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        private static Dictionary<string, int> CountWins(List<JobResult> results)
+        {
+            var wins = new Dictionary<string, int>();
+
+            foreach (var jobGroup in results.GroupBy(r => r.JobName))
+            {
+                var ranked = jobGroup.OrderBy(r => r, Comparer<JobResult>.Create(Compare)).ToList();
+
+                if (ranked.Count == 0 || !ranked[0].Valid)
+                    continue;
+
+                foreach (var r in ranked.TakeWhile(r => Compare(r, ranked[0]) == 0))
+                    wins[r.EngineName] = wins.GetValueOrDefault(r.EngineName) + 1;
+            }
+
+            return wins;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>Lower sorts first (better). Valid beats invalid, then higher
+        /// aggregate utilization, then (if both fully placed) fewer plates used.</summary>
+        private static int Compare(JobResult a, JobResult b)
+        {
+            if (a.Valid != b.Valid)
+                return a.Valid ? -1 : 1;
+
+            if (!a.Valid)
+                return 0;
+
+            var utilDiff = b.Utilization - a.Utilization;
+
+            if (System.Math.Abs(utilDiff) > Epsilon)
+                return utilDiff > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+
+            if (a.FullyPlaced && b.FullyPlaced && a.PlatesUsed != b.PlatesUsed)
+                return a.PlatesUsed > b.PlatesUsed ? 1 : -1;
+
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+}

OpenNest.sln

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "OpenNest.Posts.GravographIS
 EndProject
 Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "OpenNest.Data", "OpenNest.Data\OpenNest.Data.csproj", "{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}"
 EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "OpenNest.Benchmark", "OpenNest.Benchmark\OpenNest.Benchmark.csproj", "{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}"
 Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "OpenNest.Engine.Tests", "OpenNest.Engine.Tests\OpenNest.Engine.Tests.csproj", "{F2EF39E0-1A95-4C32-B50B-3D71EC72F692}"
 EndProject
 Global
@@ -178,18 +179,6 @@ Global
 		{FB1B2EB2-9D80-4499-BA93-B4E2F295A532}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 		{FB1B2EB2-9D80-4499-BA93-B4E2F295A532}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
 		{FB1B2EB2-9D80-4499-BA93-B4E2F295A532}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
-		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 		{3A6B8E7E-9B5F-4D2C-8AE3-2C9F5E3D1A40}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
 		{3A6B8E7E-9B5F-4D2C-8AE3-2C9F5E3D1A40}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
 		{3A6B8E7E-9B5F-4D2C-8AE3-2C9F5E3D1A40}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
@@ -202,6 +191,30 @@ Global
 		{3A6B8E7E-9B5F-4D2C-8AE3-2C9F5E3D1A40}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 		{3A6B8E7E-9B5F-4D2C-8AE3-2C9F5E3D1A40}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
 		{3A6B8E7E-9B5F-4D2C-8AE3-2C9F5E3D1A40}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{A0B4B48E-1DF0-4DD3-B42C-B9B7779EA8B0}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{ACD8F725-829A-48A8-AA59-61DD90DE06CA}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 		{F2EF39E0-1A95-4C32-B50B-3D71EC72F692}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
 		{F2EF39E0-1A95-4C32-B50B-3D71EC72F692}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
 		{F2EF39E0-1A95-4C32-B50B-3D71EC72F692}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU

README.md

@@ -166,6 +166,21 @@ dotnet run --project OpenNest.Console/OpenNest.Console.csproj -- project.zip ext
 | `--no-save` | Skip saving the output file |
 | `--no-log` | Skip writing the debug log |
 
+## Benchmarking Nest Engines
+
+`OpenNest.Benchmark` compares every registered `NestEngineBase` implementation against each other on a set of `.nest` files, scoring by material utilization:
+
+```bash
+# Benchmark all registered engines against every .nest file in a folder
+dotnet run --project OpenNest.Benchmark/OpenNest.Benchmark.csproj -- ./benchmark-jobs
+
+# Sweep a fixed list of sheet sizes instead of each file's own, limit to specific engines
+dotnet run --project OpenNest.Benchmark/OpenNest.Benchmark.csproj -- job.nest \
+  --sheet-sizes 48x96,60x96,60x120,72x120,72x144 --engines Default,Astra,Claude --csv results.csv
+```
+
+An engine's layout is rejected (scoring zero for that job) if any part falls outside the work area, any two parts are closer than the required spacing, or a drawing gets more parts placed than requested.
+
 ## Project Structure
 
 ```
@@ -180,6 +195,7 @@ OpenNest.sln
 ├── OpenNest.Data/              # Machine configuration and cutting parameters
 ├── OpenNest.Gpu/               # GPU-accelerated pair evaluation (ILGPU)
 ├── OpenNest.Training/          # ML training data collection (SQLite + EF Core)
+├── OpenNest.Benchmark/         # Head-to-head comparison of registered nest engines
 ├── OpenNest.Mcp/               # MCP server for AI tool integration
 ├── OpenNest.Posts.Cincinnati/  # Cincinnati CL-707 laser post-processor plugin
 └── OpenNest.Tests/             # Unit tests (xUnit)
@@ -197,6 +213,7 @@ OpenNest.sln
 | **OpenNest.Gpu** | GPU-accelerated bitmap overlap detection for best-fit pair evaluation using ILGPU. |
 | **OpenNest.Posts.Cincinnati** | Post-processor plugin for Cincinnati CL-707/800/900/940/CLX laser cutting machines. Outputs Cincinnati-format G-code with material library, kerf compensation, and pierce logic. |
 | **OpenNest.Mcp** | MCP (Model Context Protocol) server exposing nesting operations as tools for AI assistants. |
+| **OpenNest.Benchmark** | Runs every registered nest engine against a set of `.nest` files and scores them by material utilization, so engine implementations can be compared head-to-head. |
 | **OpenNest.Tests** | 89 test files covering core geometry, fill strategies, splitting, bending, BOM import, post-processing, and the API. |
 
 ## Nesting Engines